Stamped Specifications
SECTION 02768 - STAMPED CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT (Landscape)
SECTION 03360 - SPECIAL CONCRETE FINISHES (Interior)
PART 1 – GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes cement concrete pavement imprinted as follows:
1. Stamped textured concrete. Pattern to be chosen by Architect.
B. Related Sections include the following:
1. Division 2 Section “Earthwork” for subgrade preparation, grading, and subbase course.
2. Division 3 Section “ Cement Concrete Pavement” for cast-in-place concrete pavement with other finishes.
3. Division 2 Section “Pavement Joint Sealants” for joint sealants within stamped cement concrete pavement and at isolation joints of stamped cement concrete pavement with adjacent construction.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: For each type of manufactured material and product indicated.
B. Design Mixes: For each stamped concrete pavement mix. Include alternative mix designs when characteristics of materials, project conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances warrant adjustment.
C. Material Certificates: Signed by manufacturers certifying that each of the following materials complies with requirements:
1. Cementitious materials and aggregates
2. Steel reinforcement and reinforcement accessories.
3. Admixtures.
4. Applied finish materials.
5. Curing compounds.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: An experience installer who has completed stamped cement concrete pavement similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in construction with a record of successful in-service performance.
B. Ready-Mixed Manufacturer Qualifications: Manufacturer of ready-mixed concrete products complying with ASTM C 94 requirements for production facilities and equipment.
1. Manufacturer must be certified according to the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association’s “Certification Ready Mixed Concrete Production Facilities Quality Control Manual.”
C. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 to conduct the testing indicated, as documented according to ASTM E 548.
D. Source Limitations: Obtain each type or class of cementitious material of the same brand from the same manufacturer’s plant and each aggregate from one source.
E. Comply with ACI 301, “Specification for Structural Concrete,” unless modified by the requirements of the Contract Documents.
F. Concrete Testing Service: Engage a qualified independent testing agency to perform material evaluation tests and to design concrete mixes.
G. Mockups: Cast mockup, minimum size 2' x 2', of stamped cement concrete pavement to demonstrate typical pattern, texture, surface finish, color, and standard of workmanship.
1. Build mockup in the location and of the size indicated or, if not indicated, as directed by Architect.
2. Notify Architect seven days in advance of dates and times when mockup will be constructed.
3. Obtain Architect’s approval of mockup before starting construction.
4. Maintain mockup during construction in an undisturbed condition as a standard for judging the completed Work.
5. Demolish and remove mockup when directed.
H. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with requirements in Division 1 Section “Project Meetings.”
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering stamped cement concrete pavement systems that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. Bomanite Corporation
2. Bon Tool Company
3. Cobblecrete International
4. ProLine Stamps
5. Patterned Concrete International, Inc.
6. Rafco/Brickform Products
7. L.M. Scofield Co.
8. Stampcrete International, Inc.
2.2 FORMS
A. Form Materials: Plywood, metal, metal-framed plywood, or other approved panel-type materials to provide full-depth, continuous, true and smooth exposed surfaces.
1. Use flexible or curved forms that will provide uniform curvature for curves of a radius of 100 feet or less.
2.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. Reinforcing Bars: ASTMS A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed.
B. Steel Bar Mats: ASTM A 184/A 184M: with ASTMS A 615/A 615M, grade 60, deformed bars, assembled with clips.
C. Joint Dowel Bars: Plain steel bars, ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60. Cut bars true to length with ends square and free of burrs.
D. Bar Supports: Bolsters, chairs, spacers, and other devices for spacing, supporting, and fastening reinforcing bars, welded wire fabric, and dowels in place. Manufacture bar supports according to CRSI’s “Manual of Standard Practice” from steel wire plastic, or precast concrete or fiber-reinforced concrete of greater compressive strength than concrete.
2.4 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or II
B. Aggregate: ASTMS C 33, uniformly graded with coarse aggregate as follows:
1. Class 4S
2. Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size: ¾ inch.
C. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C 94.
2.5 ADMIXTURES
A. General: Admixtures certified by manufacturer to contain not more than 0.1 percent water-soluble chloride ions by mass of cement and to be compatible with other admixtures. Do not use admixtures containing calcium chloride.
B. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260.
C. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTMS C 494, Type A.
D. Water-Reducing and Accelerating Admixture: ASTM C 494, Type E.
E. Water-Reducing and Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494, Type D.
2.6 COLOR MATERIALS
A. Colored Dry-Shake Hardener: Factory-packaged dry combination of portland cement, graded quartz aggregate, coloring pigments, and plasticizing admixture. Use coloring pigments that are finely ground, nonfading mineral oxides interground with cement.
1. Color: As selected by Architect from manufacturer’s standard range.
B. Colored-Powder Release Agent: Factory-packaged dry combination of surface conditioning and dispersing agents interground with coloring pigments that facilitates release of stamp mats. Use coloring pigments that are finely ground, nonfading mineral oxides interground with cement.
1. Color: As selected by Architect from Manufacturer’s standard range.
C. Option in lieu of color hardener: Integral Color. Factory packaged bags containing the correct dosage for the cement contact in the mix design to create the desired color. To produce intregally colored cement, add a coloring agent during the mixing process.
1. Color: As selected by Architect from Manufacturer's standard color range.
D. Option for Relase: Liquid Release. Factory packaged product that is colorless, odorless and evaporates without leaving a residue. It is formulated to break the bond between mat-type or stamp type concrete tools.
2.7 IMPRINTING TOOLS
A. Stamp Mats: Semirigid polyurethane mats with projecting textured and ridged underside capable of imprinting texture and joint patterns on plastic concrete.
2.8 CURING AND SEALING MATERIALS
A. Evaporation Retarders: Waterborne, monomolecular film forming, manufactured for application to fresh concrete.
B. Clear Acrylic Sealer: Manufacturer’s standard waterborne, membrane-forming, medium-gloss, acrylic copolymer emulsion solution containing not less than 15 percent solids by volume; non yellowing and UV resistant.
2.9 RELATED MATERIALS
A. Joint-Filler Strips: ASTM D 1751, asphalt-saturated cellulosic fiber, or ASTM D 1752, cork or self-expanding cork.
2.10 CONCRETE MIXES
A. Prepare design mixes, proportioned according to ACI 211.1 and ACI 301, for each type and strength of normal-weight concrete determined by either laboratory trial mix or field test data bases.
B. Use a qualified independent testing agency for preparing and reporting proposed mix designs for the laboratory trial mix basis.
C. Proportion mixes to provide concrete with the following properties:
1. Compressive Strength (28 Days): 4000 psi.
2. Maximum Water-cementitious Materials Ratio: 0.45.
3. Maximum Slump: 4 inches.
D. Cementitious Materials: Limit percentage, by weight, of cementitious materials other than portland cement in concrete as follows:
1. Fly Ash: 10 percent.
E. Add air-entraining admixture at manufacturer’s prescribed rate to result in concrete at point of placement having an air content not exceeding 6.0 percent.
2.11 CONCRETE MIXING
A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Comply with ASTM C 94.
1. When air temperature is between 85 and 90 deg F, reduce mixing and delivery time from 1 ½ hours to 75 minutes; when air temperature is above 90 deg F, reduce mixing and delivery time to 60 minutes.
PART 3 – EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. Proof-roll prepared subbase surface to check for unstable areas and to verify need for additional compaction. Proceed with pavement work only after noncomplying conditions have been corrected and subgrade is ready to receive pavement.
B. Remove loose material from compacted subbase surface immediately before placing concrete.
C. Protect adjacent construction from discoloration and spillage during application of color hardeners, release agents, curing compounds, and sealers.
3.2 EDGE FORMS AND SCREED CONSTRUCTION
A. Set, brace, and secure edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed guides for pavement to required lines, grades, and elevations. Install forms to allow continuous progress of work and so forms can remain in place at least 24 hours after placing concrete.
B. Clean forms after each use and coat with form-release agent to ensure separation from concrete without damage.
3.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. Comply with CRSI’s “Manual of Standard Practice” for fabricating reinforcement and with recommendations in CRSI’s “Placing Reinforcing Bars” for placing and supporting reinforcement.
3.4 JOINTS
A. General: Construct joints and tool edgings true to line with faces perpendicular to surface plane of concrete Construct transverse joints at right angles to centerline, unless otherwise indicated.
B. Construction Joints: Set construction joints at side and end terminations of pavement and at locations where pavement operations are stopped for more than one-half hour, unless pavement terminates at isolation joints.
1. Continue reinforcement across construction joints, unless otherwise indicated. Do not continue reinforcement through sides of strip pavement, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Use bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against hardened or partially hardened concrete surfaces.
C. Isolation Joints: Form isolation joints of preformed joint-filer strips abutting concrete curbs, catch basins, manholes, inlets, structures, walks, other fixed objects and where indicated.
1. Locate expansion joints at intervals of 50 feet, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Extend joint fillers full width and depth of joint, terminating flush with finished concrete surface, unless otherwise indicated.
3. Furnish joint fillers in one-piece lengths for full width being placed where possible. Where more than one length is required, lace or clip joint-filler sections together.
4. Protect top edge of joint filler during concrete placement with metal, plastic, or other temporary preformed cap. Removed protective cap after concrete has been placed on both sides of joint.
D. Dowel Joints: Install dowel sleeves and dowels or dowel bar and support assemblies at joints where indicated.
1. Use dowel sleeves or lubricate or asphalt-coat one-half of dowel length to prevent concrete from bonding to one side of joint.
E. Contraction Joints: Form weakened-plane contraction joints, sectioning concrete into areas as indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to at least one-fourth of the concrete thickness, as follows:
1. Sawed Joints: Form contraction joints with power saws equipped with shatterproof abrasive or diamond-rimmed blades. Cut 1/8-inch-side joints into concrete when cutting action will not tear, abrade, or otherwise damage surface and before concrete develops random contraction cracks. Saw cut at 3ft.-8in. square pattern perpendicular to the architecture as indicated in the plans and details. All form alignment shall be set to this grid pattern.
F. Edging: Tool edges of pavement and joints in concrete after initial floating with an edging tool to the following radius. Repeat tooling of edges after applying surface finishes. Eliminate tool marks on concrete surface.
1. Radius: ¼ inch.
3.5 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
A. Remove snow, ice, or frost from subbase surface and reinforcement before placing concrete. Do not place concrete on frozen surfaces.
B. Moisten subbase to provide a uniform dampened condition at the time concrete is placed. Do not place concrete around manholes or other structures until they are at the required finish elevation and alignment.
C. Comply with recommendations in ACI 304R for measuring, mixing, transporting, and placing concrete.
D. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse joints. Do not push or drag concrete into place or use vibrators to move concrete into place.
E. Consolidate concrete with mechanical vibrating equipment. Use equipment and procedures to consolidate concrete according to recommendations in ACI 309R.
F. Screed paved surfaces with a straightedge and strike off. Start initial floating using bull floats or darbies to forma uniform and open-textured surface plane before excess moisture or bleedwater appears on the surface.
1. Do not further disturb concrete surfaces before starting finishing operations or spreading dryshake surface treatments.
G. Cold-Weather Placement: Comply with ACI 306.1. Protect concrete work from physical damage or reduced strength that could be caused by frost, freezing actions, or low temperatures.
1. Do not use calcium chloride, salt, or other materials containing antifreeze agents or chemical accelerators, unless otherwise specified and approved in mix designs.
H. Hot-Weather Placement: Place concrete according to recommendations in ACI 305R and as follows when hot-weather conditions exist:
1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature below 90 deg F at time of placement. Mixing water may be chilled or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor’s option.
2. Cover steel reinforcement with water-soaked burlap so steel temperature will not exceed ambient air temperature immediately before embedding in concrete.
3. Fog-spray forms, steel reinforcement, and subgrade just before placing concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.
3.6 INITIAL CONCRETE FINISHING
A. General: Wetting concrete surfaces during screeding, initial floating, or finishing operations is prohibited.
B. Float Finish: Begin the second floating operation when bleedwater sheen has disappeared and the concrete surface has stiffened sufficiently to permit operations. Finish surfaces to true planes. Cut down high spots and fill low spots. Immediately refloat surface to uniform granular texture.
C. Colored Dry-Shake Hardener Finish: After initial floating, apply colored dry-shake material to plastic concrete surfaces according to manufacturer’s written instructions and as follows:
1. Uniformly apply at a rate of 60 lb/ 100 sq. ft. unless greater amount is recommended by manufacturer to match pavement color.
2. Distribute approximately two-thirds of colored dry-shake material and embed by floating. Follow with a second application of colored dry-shake material distributed at right angles to the first to ensure uniform color, and embed by floating.
D. Colored-Powder Release Agent: Uniformly distribute onto color-hardened and still-plastic concrete at a rate of 1 to 2 lb/100 sq. ft.
3.7 STAMPING
A. While initially finished concrete is plastic, accurately align and place stamp "skins" or semi rigid mats in sequence and changing direction of pattern to avoid visible repeats of pattern over entire area. Uniformly load mats and press into concrete to produce required imprint pattern and depth of imprint on concrete surface. Remove stamp mats immediately. Hand stamp edges and surfaces unable to be imprinted by stamp mats, including step risers and treads.
1. Remove unembedded release agent no fewer than three days after stamping concrete. High pressure wash surface and joint patterns, taking care not to damage stamped concrete. Control, collect and legally dispose of runoff.
3.8 CONCRETE PROTECTION, CURING, AND SEALING
A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection, and follow recommendations in ACI 305R for hot-weather protection during curing.
B. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retarder to concrete surfaces if hot, dry, or windy conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h before and during initial finishing operations. Apply according to manufacturer’s written instructions after placing and screeding and during initial floating operations.
C. Sealer: Apply uniformly in two coats in continuous operations according to manufacturer’s written instructions. Allow first coat to dry before applying a second coat.
3.9 PAVEMENT TOLERANCES
A. Complying with the following tolerances:
1. Elevation: ¼ inch.
2. Thickness: Plus 3/8 inch, minus ¼ inch.
3. Surface: Gap below 10-foot-long, unleveled straightedge not to exceed ¼ inch.
4. Lateral Alignment and Spacing of Dowels: 1 inch.
5. Vertical Alignment of Dowels: ¼ inch.
6. Alignment of Dowel-Bar End Relative to Line Perpendicular to Pavement Edge: Length of dowel ¼ inch per 12 inches.
7. Joint Spacing: 3 inches.
8. Contraction Joint Depth: Plus ¼ inch, no minus.
9. Joint Width: Plus 1/8 inch, no minus.
3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified independent testing and inspecting agency to sample materials, perform tests, and submit test reports during concrete placement according to requirements specified in this Article. Perform tests according to ACI 301.
3.11 REMOVAL AND PROTECTION
A. Remove and replace pavement that does not comply with requirements in this Section.
B. Protect pavement from damage. Do not permit construction traffic on concrete pavement. Exclude other traffic from pavement for at least 28 days after placement.
C. Maintain pavement free of stains, discoloration, dirt, and other foreign material. Sweep pavement not more than two days before date scheduled for Substantial Completion inspections.
END OF SECTION 02768
END OF SECTION 03360
